The Precision Peptide Genetic Test analyzes SULT1A1 — the sulfotransferase enzyme that runs a methylation-independent route to estrogen clearance. Part of 14 pathways, 49 peptides, and 150+ genetic insights, your SULT1A1 Arg213His genotype determines how quickly sulfation neutralizes estradiol and its metabolites for excretion — a parallel Phase 2 pathway that COMT genetics alone cannot capture.

The Precision Peptide Genetic Test analyzes ESR1 and ESR2 — the two estrogen receptor genes that determine how sensitively your tissues respond to circulating estrogen. Part of 14 pathways, 49 peptides, and 150+ genetic insights, your estrogen receptor variants explain why the same estradiol level produces very different biological effects in different women.

The Precision Peptide Genetic Test analyzes MTHFR C677T and A1298C — the variants that set your methylation capacity and determine how efficiently your body produces the SAMe that estrogen clearance depends on. Part of 14 pathways, 49 peptides, and 150+ genetic insights, MTHFR is the upstream genetic variable that connects the methylation cycle to women's hormone balance.

The Precision Peptide Genetic Test analyzes COMT Val158Met — the single variant that most directly determines how quickly your body clears catechol estrogens in Phase 2 metabolism. Part of 14 pathways, 49 peptides, and 150+ genetic insights, your COMT genotype explains why two women with identical estrogen levels can experience hormonal balance very differently.

The Precision Peptide Genetic Test analyzes CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 — the two Phase 1 enzymes that determine which metabolic route estradiol takes after it leaves circulation. Part of 14 pathways, 49 peptides, and 150+ genetic insights, your CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 variants set the 2-OHE2 to 4-OHE2 ratio that shapes your estrogen biology from the inside out.

The Precision Peptide Genetic Test analyzes 6 Reproductive Health insights covering women's hormone pathways — COMT, CYP1A1, CYP1B1, MTHFR, ESR1, and Phase 2 detox genes — within a panel of 14 pathways, 49 peptides, and 150+ genetic insights. This pillar guide breaks down how you produce, clear, and respond to estrogen, and why clearance genetics matter as much as production.

Aromatase activity varies between men because CYP19A1 — the gene encoding aromatase — is polymorphic. Different CYP19A1 variants alter how the enzyme is expressed and how efficiently it converts testosterone to estradiol. The Precision Peptide Genetic Test analyzes CYP19A1 as part of 14 pathways and 150+ genetic insights across 49 peptides.

Not exactly — but the answer matters. The Precision Peptide Genetic Test doesn't predict whether a specific androgen protocol will work. It maps six biological variables that determine how testosterone behaves in your body: SHBG, CYP19A1, AR, SRD5A2, LHCGR, and CYP17A1. Part of 14 pathways and 150+ genetic insights, that map is the most actionable starting point available.

In the Precision Peptide Genetic Test, the Reproductive Health pathway delivers 6 insights across genes governing testosterone bioavailability, estrogen conversion, androgen receptor sensitivity, DHT production, and HPTA axis function. Part of 14 pathways, 49 peptides, and 150+ genetic insights, these 6 insights map male hormone balance as a connected genetic system.

Genetics shapes estrogen in men through four pathways: how much testosterone converts to estradiol (CYP19A1), how efficiently it clears (COMT, MTHFR), how sensitively tissues respond (ESR1), and how much substrate is available (SHBG, SRD5A2). The Precision Peptide Genetic Test maps all these variables across 14 pathways and 150+ genetic insights.

The Precision Peptide Genetic Test analyzes MTHFR C677T and A1298C — the variants that determine your methylation capacity and its downstream effects on estrogen clearance, homocysteine levels, and hormone metabolism. Part of 14 pathways and 150+ genetic insights across 49 peptides, MTHFR is the genetic variable connecting methylation to the male hormone system.

Yes — SHBG genetics directly affect how free testosterone responds to androgen-pathway protocols. The Precision Peptide Genetic Test analyzes SHBG variants as part of 14 pathways and 150+ genetic insights across 49 peptides, giving providers the genetic context to understand why the same protocol produces different free testosterone outcomes in different men.

The Precision Peptide Genetic Test analyzes six Reproductive Health genes that directly influence testosterone levels, conversion, and signaling — including SHBG, CYP19A1, AR, SRD5A2, LHCGR, and CYP17A1. Part of 14 pathways and 150+ genetic insights across 49 peptides, these variants explain why testosterone behaves differently in different men.

The Precision Peptide Genetic Test analyzes 6 Reproductive Health insights that explain why androgen-pathway protocols produce different outcomes for different men. SHBG, CYP19A1, AR, SRD5A2, LHCGR, and CYP17A1 each shape how testosterone is bound, converted, sensed, and signaled — as part of 14 pathways and 150+ genetic insights across 49 peptides.

The Precision Peptide Genetic Test analyzes CYP17A1 and related variants — the genes governing DHEA and pregnenolone synthesis in your adrenal androgen pathway. Part of 14 pathways and 150+ genetic insights across 49 peptides, your upstream steroid pathway genetics explain why the same hormonal support strategies produce different results across different men.

The Precision Peptide Genetic Test analyzes SRD5A2 — the gene controlling 5-alpha reductase, the enzyme that converts testosterone into DHT. Part of 14 pathways and 150+ genetic insights across 49 peptides, your SRD5A2 variants determine how much testosterone is routed toward the androgen pathway's most potent signaling molecule.

The Precision Peptide Genetic Test analyzes LH and FSH receptor variants — the genes governing how sensitively your HPTA axis signals testosterone production and sperm health. Part of 14 pathways and 150+ genetic insights across 49 peptides, your HPTA genetics help explain why fertility preservation strategies matter differently for different men on androgen-pathway protocols.

The Precision Peptide Genetic Test analyzes AR CAG repeats — the genetic variable that determines how sensitively your androgen receptor responds to testosterone. Part of 14 pathways and 150+ genetic insights across 49 peptides, CAG repeat length helps explain why two men with identical testosterone levels can have completely different androgen responses.

The Precision Peptide Genetic Test analyzes CYP19A1 — the aromatase gene that controls how much testosterone your body converts to estrogen. Part of 14 pathways and 150+ genetic insights across 49 peptides, your CYP19A1 variants help explain why estrogen levels vary between men on the same androgen-pathway protocol.

The Precision Peptide Genetic Test analyzes 6 Reproductive Health insights covering men's hormone pathways — SHBG, CYP19A1, AR, SRD5A2, and LH/FSH receptor variants — within a panel of 14 pathways, 49 peptides, and 150+ genetic insights. This pillar guide breaks down each gene, what it reveals about testosterone response, and why DNA is the most underused variable in hormone protocols.

SHBG — sex hormone-binding globulin — determines how much of your testosterone is biologically available to cells. High SHBG binds more testosterone, reducing free levels; low SHBG releases more. SHBG gene variants shape your baseline level genetically. The Precision Peptide Genetic Test analyzes SHBG as part of Men’s Hormone insights across 14 pathways, 49 peptides, and 150+ genetic insights.

Recovery is where muscle growth actually happens — and your genetics determine how quickly and completely that process runs. IL-6, ACTN3, IGF1, GHSR, VDR, and ACE variants all shape different dimensions of post-exercise repair. The Precision Peptide Genetic Test analyzes all of them across 15 Muscle Growth insights spanning 14 pathways, 49 peptides, and 150+ genetic insights.

Not exactly — but it reveals the biological architecture athletic training response is built on. Genetic testing maps predispositions in fiber type (ACTN3), cardiovascular optimization (ACE), anabolic capacity (IGF1), and recovery (IL-6). The Precision Peptide Genetic Test delivers 15 Muscle Growth insights across 14 pathways, 49 peptides, and 150+ genetic insights.

Myostatin — encoded by the MSTN gene — is one of the most actively researched muscle growth regulators in exercise science. Your MSTN genotype determines how tightly this brake is set before any intervention. The Precision Peptide Genetic Test analyzes MSTN variants as part of 15 Muscle Growth insights across 14 pathways, 49 peptides, and 150+ genetic insights.

Multiple genes shape growth hormone response — from GHSR, which triggers GH pulses from the pituitary, to IGF1, which converts that signal into anabolic action, to ACTN3 and MSTN, which determine what the signal builds. The Precision Peptide Genetic Test analyzes all of them as part of 15 Muscle Growth insights across 14 pathways, 49 peptides, and 150+ genetic insights.

Struggling to build muscle despite consistent training? Genetics may be the missing variable. MSTN, ACTN3, IGF1, GHSR, and VDR variants all influence how your body responds to resistance training stimulus — from hypertrophy ceiling to anabolic signal strength to fiber architecture. The Precision Peptide Genetic Test analyzes 15 Muscle Growth insights across 14 pathways, 49 peptides, and 150+ genetic insights.

Yes — ACTN3 affects muscle growth by determining your fast-twitch versus slow-twitch fiber ratio, which shapes how aggressively your muscle fibers hypertrophy. The R577X variant produces three genotypes (RR, RX, XX) with meaningfully different hypertrophy profiles. The Precision Peptide Genetic Test analyzes ACTN3 as one of 15 Muscle Growth insights across 14 pathways, 49 peptides, and 150+ genetic insights.

Your response to growth hormone axis pathways isn’t shaped by a single gene — it’s the product of at least eight interacting genetic factors, from GH release (GHSR) to fiber architecture (ACTN3) to recovery capacity (IL-6). The Precision Peptide Genetic Test analyzes all as part of 15 Muscle Growth insights across 14 pathways, 49 peptides, and 150+ genetic insights.

IL-6 is widely known as an inflammatory cytokine — but in muscle biology it also functions as a myokine: a recovery signal produced by contracting muscle that drives satellite cell activation and repair. The Precision Peptide Genetic Test analyzes IL6 variants as one of 15 Muscle Growth insights across 14 pathways, 49 peptides, and 150+ genetic insights.

The ACE gene’s I/D polymorphism is one of the most replicated findings in sport genetics — separating endurance-optimized physiology (I allele) from power-optimized physiology (D allele) through cardiovascular architecture rather than fiber structure alone. The Precision Peptide Genetic Test analyzes ACE as one of 15 Muscle Growth insights across 14 pathways, 49 peptides, and 150+ genetic insights.