Last reviewed: May 12, 2026 Last updated: May 12, 2026

Written by: Jay Hastings , CEO of PlexusDx

Jay Hastings is the CEO of PlexusDx, a precision health company focused on genetic testing, blood biomarker insights, and personalized wellness recommendations. He has more than 20 years of experience across healthcare innovation, genomics, laboratory operations, healthcare investing, and strategic finance. His work has included scaling healthcare startups, leading CLIA lab integrations, and helping expand consumer access to precision health tools.

Medically reviewed by: Jayden Lee, PharmD, EMBA

Jayden Lee, PharmD, EMBA, is the PlexusDx Medical Science Liaison with a PharmD and MBA specializing in pharmacogenomics and clinical product development, with a proven ability to bridge the gap between genomic research and practical patient outcomes. Dr. Lee has more than 10 years of professional experience in clinical pharmacy, academia, and research.

As a top supplier of individualized health reports PlexusDx delivers important genetic trait information which affects your health status.

In this session we investigate the PEMT gene within genetics and its effects on choline deficiency as well as liver health alongside general bodily function. We will explore what your DNA holds and how it can shape your health journey. The PEMT gene encodes phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase which plays an essential part in liver phosphatidylcholine (PC) production. Through a sequential methylation process involving three steps the enzyme transforms phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) into phosphatidylcholine (PC) with assistance from S-adenosylmethionine (SAM-e). The synthesis of choline through this pathway produces a vital nutrient required for multiple essential bodily functions. The PEMT pathway becomes the main source of choline when dietary intake of choline is insufficient. This evolutionary important mechanism supplies essential lipids choline and PC during periods when food is not readily available. The PEMT gene expression occurs primarily in the liver to generate 30% of its PC production. Cell membranes, signaling pathways, fat transport mechanisms, metabolic functions and brain health depend on choline and PC for their proper operation along with overall system functionality. Altered versions of the PEMT gene create the potential for choline deficiency which endangers liver and muscle health. The genetic variant rs12325817 stands out for its strong link to choline deficiency. Women who have the 'G' allele variant encountered organ damage 25 times more frequently while consuming a diet low in choline. Subsequent research found that variants like rs4646343-T, rs3760188-T, rs1531100-A, and rs4646365-T displayed weaker impacts specifically among postmenopausal women. These genetic variants show an inheritance pattern where individuals possess either a complete set of risk alleles or none at all. The rs7946 polymorphism reduces PEMT function by 30% in carriers holding the minor 'T' allele. Although genetic variants elevate heart disease and fatty liver disease risks they also present lower obesity rates thus revealing the intricate genetic impact on health outcomes. These practical recommendations can help reduce the risks related to PEMT variants and choline deficiency. Include plenty of choline-rich foods such as eggs, liver, and cruciferous vegetables in your diet. 2. Personalized genetic testing can help you determine your unique PEMT variants to adjust your nutritional intake effectively. 3. Seek guidance from a healthcare provider to understand how your genetic predispositions affect your health and create a customized wellness strategy. Optimal health and well-being depend upon understanding how the PEMT gene affects choline metabolism. The Precision Health & Wellness tests from PlexusDx which you can find through PlexusDx.com as well as Amazon and Walmart help you understand your genetic makeup while allowing you to make educated health choices. Begin your wellness journey today by accessing the benefits of personalized genetic insights.

Medical and Editorial Standards

Medical review process: This article was reviewed for medical accuracy, scientific clarity, evidence alignment, and appropriate discussion of genetics, medications, supplements, biomarkers, and health-related claims.

Sources and evidence: PlexusDx educational content is developed using peer-reviewed research, clinical literature, reputable medical references, and, where applicable, public health or regulatory guidance. References are included at the end of the article when scientific, medical, or health-related claims are discussed.

Commercial transparency: PlexusDx offers genetic testing, blood biomarker testing, personalized supplement recommendations, and related precision wellness services. Product mentions are intended to help readers understand available options and should not be interpreted as medical advice.

Important disclaimer: PlexusDx educational content is for informational purposes only and should not be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider before making decisions about medications, supplements, genetic testing, lab testing, or health-related care.

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