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Understanding Your Genetic Risk for Grass Pollen Allergy

Grass allergy, commonly called hay fever, happens when the immune system overreacts to grass pollen. Symptoms can include sneezing, itchy or watery eyes, runny nose, and nasal congestion. Variations near the Human Leukocyte Antigen HLA genes influence how the immune system recognizes allergens. One such variant, rs7775228, is linked to differences in how likely a person is to develop allergic responses to grass pollen. Below we explain what the different genotypes mean and provide practical, approachable ways to reduce symptoms and support immune health.

How HLA Genetics Affect Allergy Risk

The HLA genes help your body distinguish its own cells from foreign substances. Certain HLA variants can make the immune system more likely to identify pollen as a harmful invader. That can trigger production of IgE antibodies and release of histamine, producing typical allergy symptoms. The rs7775228 variant sits near the HLA-DRB4 region and is associated with altered risk for grass pollen allergy.

Genetic Interpretations

Two effect alleles (CC): Higher likelihood of grass pollen allergy

If you have the CC genotype for rs7775228, you carry two copies of the effect allele located near HLA-DRB4. This genotype is associated with HLA variants that may predispose your immune system to stronger reactions when exposed to grass pollen. You may be more likely to experience sneezing, itchy and watery eyes, runny nose, and nasal congestion during grass pollen season. This genetic predisposition reflects an underlying tendency toward heightened immune responses to grass allergens.

One effect allele (CT): Slightly increased likelihood of grass pollen allergy

If you have the CT genotype for rs7775228, you carry one copy of the effect allele. This is associated with a modestly increased risk for grass pollen allergy. The variant in the HLA region may make your immune system somewhat more likely to produce IgE antibodies and release histamine when exposed to grass pollen, potentially causing symptoms such as sneezing, itchy eyes, and nasal congestion.

No effect alleles (TT): Lower likelihood of grass pollen allergy

If you have the TT genotype for rs7775228, you carry two copies of the non-effect allele. This suggests a lower likelihood of reacting to grass pollen compared to carriers of the C variant. Your HLA variants may be less likely to trigger a heightened immune response to grass pollen, which could mean fewer or less severe allergy symptoms during pollen season.

Practical Strategies to Manage Symptoms

PlexusDx provides educational genetic information only. This is not medical advice. Always consult your healthcare provider before making changes to medications, supplements, or care plans.

Reduce Pollen Exposure

  • Check local pollen counts and limit outdoor time during peak pollen hours, typically mid morning to early evening.
  • Keep windows and doors closed on high pollen days and use air conditioning with a clean filter.
  • Shower and change clothes after being outdoors to remove pollen from skin and hair.
  • Use sunglasses and a wide-brimmed hat outside to reduce pollen contact with eyes and face.
  • Consider using high-efficiency particulate air filters to reduce indoor pollen levels.

Nasal and Symptom Relief

  • Nasal irrigation with saline can help clear pollen and mucus from nasal passages and reduce congestion.
  • Over-the-counter antihistamines and nasal steroid sprays can reduce itching and swelling. Consult your healthcare provider for recommendations and proper use.
  • A cool-mist humidifier may ease throat and nasal irritation if indoor air is dry.

Diet and Foods That Support Immune Balance

Dietary choices cannot change genes, but they can influence inflammation and immune function. Focus on whole foods rich in antioxidants and anti-inflammatory nutrients.

  • Fruits and vegetables high in vitamin C and flavonoids such as berries, citrus, kiwi, bell peppers, kale, and spinach.
  • Foods rich in omega-3 fatty acids like fatty fish, walnuts, and flaxseeds to support balanced immune responses.
  • Herbal teas such as peppermint or chamomile may soothe irritated airways and provide gentle hydration.
  • Fermented foods like yogurt, kefir, sauerkraut, and kimchi can support gut microbes that interact with the immune system.
  • Limit processed foods, excess sugar, and high-histamine foods if you notice they worsen symptoms.

Supplements That May Help

Discuss supplements with your healthcare provider to ensure they are appropriate for you and do not interact with medications.

  • Vitamin C: an antioxidant that can support immune health and may reduce symptom severity.
  • Quercetin: a plant flavonoid with stabilizing effects on mast cells, which release histamine.
  • Omega-3 fish oil: supports anti-inflammatory pathways and may help reduce allergic inflammation.
  • Probiotics: targeted strains may help modulate immune responses and support gut health.
  • Zinc: supports immune function and wound repair. Avoid high doses without medical guidance.

Lifestyle Habits for Long-Term Support

  • Maintain regular physical activity to support overall immune regulation and respiratory health.
  • Prioritize sleep to help the immune system reset and reduce the chance of exaggerated responses.
  • Manage stress with relaxation techniques such as deep breathing, meditation, or gentle yoga, since stress can amplify allergic reactions.
  • Keep indoor environments clean by vacuuming with HEPA filters and washing bedding frequently in hot water to remove pollen and dust mites.

When to See a Healthcare Provider

If allergies significantly interfere with daily life, sleep, or work, or if over-the-counter measures are not effective, speak with your healthcare provider. They may recommend allergy testing, prescription medications, or immunotherapy options that target immune responses to pollen.

Final Notes and Disclaimer

PlexusDx provides educational information to help you understand how genetic variation may influence your likelihood of developing a grass pollen allergy. This information is not a diagnosis and does not replace professional medical care. Always consult your healthcare provider before starting or stopping medications, supplements, or other treatments. Your healthcare provider can interpret genetic information alongside your medical history, symptoms, and other test results to develop a tailored plan for your health and wellness.