Infertility | HLA-DRA (rs3129878)

Carrying the CC genotype at rs3129878 means two copies of the effect allele. This genotype is associated with a heightened risk of immune-related male infertility. The variant may increase the likelihood of unwanted autoimmune reactions or increased inflammatory signaling that could affect testicular tissue, sperm production, or hormone regulation.

Practical steps to support reproductive health if you have this genotype:

• Follow an anti-inflammatory diet rich in vegetables, fruits, whole grains, nuts, seeds, and healthy fats such as olive oil.
• Emphasize antioxidant-rich foods: berries, dark leafy greens, brightly colored vegetables, and foods high in vitamin C and E.
• Increase omega-3 intake from fatty fish (salmon, sardines), walnuts, and flaxseed to help modulate inflammation.
• Ensure adequate vitamin D through sensible sun exposure, vitamin D–rich foods, or supplements if levels are low.
• Include probiotic foods like yogurt, kefir, sauerkraut, or consider a targeted probiotic supplement to support gut-immune balance.
• Prioritize sleep (7 to 8 hours), regular exercise, and consistent stress management practices such as mindfulness or breathing exercises.
• Avoid known reproductive toxins: stop smoking, limit excessive alcohol, and reduce exposure to plastics with BPA and phthalates.
• Discuss with your healthcare provider whether immune screening, semen analysis, hormone testing, or referral to a fertility specialist is appropriate.

Having the AC genotype means one copy of the effect allele and is associated with a moderately increased risk of immune-related male infertility. This variant may subtly influence immune recognition and inflammation in ways that could impact testicular function or hormone balance.

Practical steps to support reproductive health if you have this genotype:

• Adopt an anti-inflammatory eating pattern focused on whole foods: fruits, vegetables, whole grains, legumes, nuts, and olive oil.
• Include antioxidant sources daily: berries, cruciferous vegetables, and leafy greens to neutralize oxidative stress that can damage sperm.
• Regularly consume omega-3 rich foods such as fatty fish and walnuts to support healthy inflammatory responses.
• Monitor and maintain healthy vitamin D levels; supplement if testing shows insufficiency.
• Support gut health with probiotic foods and a fiber-rich diet to promote balanced immune signaling.
• Maintain consistent sleep, regular moderate exercise, and healthy stress coping strategies to support hormones and immune balance.
• Reduce exposure to environmental toxins—avoid smoking, limit plastics contact, and minimize unnecessary chemical exposures.
• Consider routine fertility evaluations with your provider if you are trying to conceive or have concerns: basic semen analysis and hormone panels can identify treatable causes.

The AA genotype indicates two copies of the non-effect allele and is associated with a typical or lower risk for immune-related male infertility. This suggests you do not carry the C variant linked to increased immune-related risk. However, genes are only one part of the picture and maintaining healthy habits remains important.

Practical steps to maintain or optimize reproductive health if you have this genotype:

• Continue an anti-inflammatory diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, nuts, seeds, and fatty fish.
• Prioritize antioxidants, omega-3 fatty acids, and sufficient vitamin D to protect sperm quality and hormonal balance.
• Support gut health with probiotic and prebiotic foods to help maintain overall immune homeostasis.
• Keep sleep regular, exercise consistently, and practice stress management to support long-term fertility.
• Avoid smoking and limit contact with plastic chemicals and other reproductive toxins.
• Regular medical check-ups and fertility screenings are still recommended if planning a family or encountering difficulty conceiving.