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Understanding Cat Allergy and Your IL1 Genetics

Cat allergy is a common condition caused by proteins in cat saliva, dander, and urine. The main culprit is a protein called Fel d 1. When people who are sensitive come into contact with these proteins they can experience sneezing, itchy or watery eyes, nasal congestion, skin irritation, or asthma symptoms. The IL1 gene family plays an important role in regulating inflammation and immune responses. Variations near IL1 can influence how strongly the body reacts to allergens like Fel d 1.

How genetics fit into the picture

Genetics are one factor among many that shape allergic responses. A variant near the IL1 gene, rs10189629, has been associated with differences in inflammatory signaling. Depending on your genotype at this location you may have:

  • Two copies of the effect allele (CC)
  • One copy of the effect allele (AC)
  • Zero copies of the effect allele (AA)

These genotypes suggest a range from a typical immune response to a modestly reduced sensitivity. Regardless of genotype environmental exposure, general immune health, and other genes also matter a great deal.

Practical symptoms to watch for

  • Upper airway: sneezing, runny or blocked nose, itchy or watery eyes
  • Skin: localized itching or hives after contact with cat fur or saliva
  • Lower airway: wheeze, chest tightness, cough, or flare of asthma

Genetic Interpretations

2 effect alleles (CC) - Typical immune response

If you have the CC genotype for rs10189629 you carry two copies of the effect allele. This indicates a standard immune response to cat allergens without a clear genetic protection or increased predisposition compared to most people. The IL1 gene helps regulate inflammatory signals. With the CC genotype your body is likely to respond to Fel d 1 in a way that is typical for the general population. This means you may develop common allergy symptoms when exposed, but your genotype does not imply markedly higher or lower risk.

Recommendations

  • Reduce exposure: keep cats out of bedrooms and use allergen-proof mattress and pillow covers.
  • Air quality: run HEPA air filters and increase ventilation.
  • Cleaning: wash bedding frequently, vacuum with HEPA-equipped machines, and use damp dusting to remove dander.
  • Diet and supplements: follow an anti inflammatory diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and omega-3 fats. Consider vitamin D and probiotics after discussing with your healthcare provider.
  • Medical follow up: if symptoms are frequent or affect breathing talk with your healthcare provider about testing and treatment options including antihistamines, nasal corticosteroids, or allergy immunotherapy.
1 effect allele (AC) - Partial protection possible

If you have the AC genotype for rs10189629 you carry one copy of the effect allele. This pattern suggests some degree of partial protection and possibly lower sensitivity to cat allergens compared to people without the allele. The IL1 related signaling may be moderated so that your inflammatory response to Fel d 1 is less intense. This does not guarantee that you will be symptom free. You may still experience allergic reactions but they could be milder or less frequent.

Recommendations

  • Maintain exposure controls: keep cats out of sleeping areas and use HEPA filtration.
  • Monitor symptoms: track when and where symptoms occur to identify triggers or patterns.
  • Anti inflammatory lifestyle: emphasize leafy greens, colorful produce, fatty fish or algae omega-3s, and reduce processed foods high in sugar and trans fats.
  • Supplements to consider: vitamin D if levels are low, probiotic strains that support gut immune balance, and omega-3 supplements if dietary intake is limited. Check levels and safety with your provider.
  • Evaluation: if symptoms are persistent or impact quality of life consult a healthcare professional for targeted testing and management strategies.
0 effect alleles (AA) - Possible reduced sensitivity

If you have the AA genotype for rs10189629 you carry two copies of the non effect allele. This genotype suggests a potential reduced likelihood of developing allergic reactions to cats compared to those with the C allele. IL1 mediated inflammatory responses to environmental triggers like Fel d 1 may be more moderate, which could offer some protective advantage. However genetics are only part of the story and environmental exposure or other health factors could still cause symptoms.

Recommendations

  • Continue exposure reduction where practical: keep cat access limited in key rooms and maintain regular cleaning.
  • Support immune balance through diet: include a variety of fiber rich foods to support a healthy microbiome which can influence allergic tendencies.
  • Consider lifestyle measures: maintain healthy sleep, stress management, and regular physical activity to support immune regulation.
  • Stay alert: a lower genetic risk does not eliminate the possibility of developing symptoms. Seek medical evaluation if new or worsening symptoms occur.

Diet, Supplements, and Lifestyle Tips

These general steps support immune and respiratory health for most people. Discuss any major changes with your healthcare provider.

  • Anti inflammatory diet: focus on vegetables, fruits, legumes, whole grains, nuts, seeds, and fatty fish. Reduce highly processed foods and added sugars.
  • Omega 3 fatty acids: include fatty fish, flax, chia, or consider a supplement if intake is low.
  • Vitamin D: supports immune regulation. Have levels tested and supplement if deficient under provider guidance.
  • Probiotics and fiber: a healthy gut microbiome can influence allergic inflammation. Consider fermented foods and a variety of fiber sources.
  • Air and cleaning: HEPA filtration, regular washing of fabrics, and avoiding carpet in key rooms can reduce allergen load.
  • Stress, sleep, and exercise: chronic stress and poor sleep can worsen inflammation. Aim for adequate sleep, stress reduction, and consistent physical activity.

When to talk to your healthcare provider

  • If you have persistent or worsening respiratory symptoms
  • If allergies interfere with daily activities or sleep
  • If you need guidance on testing, medications, or immunotherapy
  • Before starting supplements or major dietary changes

PlexusDx provides educational information about genetic predispositions. This content is not medical advice. Always consult with your healthcare provider for diagnosis, treatment, and personalized medical guidance.